SD Clean/Linux: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 02:27, 16 April 2023

This is an add-on section for completely recreating an SD card's filesystem using fdisk and mkfs. This should only be done if formatting does not fix your issue or is not possible for some reason.

This page is for Linux users only. If you are not on Linux, see the Windows and/or Mac pages instead.

Instructions

Before beginning these steps, copy all of your SD card's contents to a folder on your computer.

The commands in this guide are case-sensitive. Enter them exactly as written, or there may be unintended consequences.

Make sure your SD card is not inserted.
Open a terminal window and type watch lsblk.

Insert the SD card and watch for a new device appearing in lsblk.

Observe the output for the new device. It should match something like this:

NAME        MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
mmcblk0     179:0    0   3,8G  0 disk
└─mmcblk0p1 179:1    0   3,7G  0 part /run/media/user/FFFF-FFFF

Take note of the name of the device that now appears. In our example above, it was mmcblk0p1.
- If RO is set to 1, make sure the lock switch is not slid down.
Hit CTRL + C to exit the menu.
For each partition of the disk, type umount /dev/<device name>i.
- Replace i with the partition number you are unmounting.
Type sudo fdisk /dev/<device name>.
Enter o, then enter n and go through all the resulting prompts without changing settings.
- If it asks whether to remove a VFAT signature, choose to remove it.
Once you are back at fdisk's main menu, enter t and then enter 0c
Enter a and then p - observe the output, and make sure the device is now formatted correctly.
If there are no issues, enter w - this will save changes and exit the fdisk prompt.
Type sudo mkfs.vfat /dev/<device name> -s 64 to reformat the new partition.
- If the SD card is over 32GB in size, change 64 to 128
Type sudo eject /dev/<device name>, then remove and reinsert the SD card.
Copy your data back onto the SD card.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{Page WIP|notes=Add GUI options for those who want to use GParted or GNOME Disks instead of the command line.}}
 This is an add-on section for completely recreating an SD card's filesystem using fdisk and mkfs. This should only be done if formatting does not fix your issue or is not possible for some reason.
@@ Line 5: / Line 4: @@
 == Instructions ==
+{{warning|Before beginning these steps, copy all of your SD card's contents to a folder on your computer.}}
-{{warning|Before beginning these steps, copy all of your SD card's contents to a folder on your computer.}}
 {{warning|The commands in this guide are case-sensitive. Enter them exactly as written, or there may be unintended consequences.}}
-# Make sure your SD card is '''not''' inserted
+# Make sure your SD card is '''not''' inserted.
-# Launch the linux terminal and type <code>wqatch lsblk</code>.
+# Open a terminal window and type <code>watch lsblk</code>.
-## Observe the output. It should match something like this: {{#tag:syntaxhighlight|
+# Insert the SD card and watch for a new device appearing in lsblk.
+#* Observe the output for the new device. It should match something like this: {{#tag:syntaxhighlight|
 NAME        MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
 mmcblk0     179:0    0   3,8G  0 disk
 └─mmcblk0p1 179:1    0   3,7G  0 part /run/media/user/FFFF-FFFF
 |lang=text}}
-# Take note of the device name. In our example above, it was <code>mmcblk0p1</code>
+# Take note of the name of the device that now appears. In our example above, it was <code>mmcblk0p1</code>.
-#* If <code>RO</code> is set to 1, make sure the lock switch is not slid down
+#* If <code>RO</code> is set to 1, make sure the lock switch is not slid down.
-# Hit CTRL + C to exit the menu
+# Hit CTRL + C to exit the menu.
-# For each partition of the disk, type <code>umount /dev/sdXi</code>.
+# For each partition of the disk, type <code>umount /dev/<device name>i</code>.
 #* Replace <code>i</code> with the partition number you are unmounting.
-# Type <code>fdisk <disk label></code>.
+# Type <code>sudo fdisk /dev/<device name></code>.
-# Type <code>o</code>, then type <code>n</code> and press ENTER on all prompts.
+# Enter <code>o</code>, then enter <code>n</code> and go through all the resulting prompts without changing settings.
 #* If it asks whether to remove a VFAT signature, choose to remove it.
-# Once you are back at fdisk's main menu, type <code>t</code> and then type <code>0c</code>.
+# Once you are back at fdisk's main menu, enter <code>t</code> and then enter <code>0c</code>
-# Type <code>a</code> and then <code>p</code>. Observe the output and make sure the device is now formatted correctly.
+# Enter <code>a</code> and then <code>p</code> - observe the output, and make sure the device is now formatted correctly.
-# If there are no issues, type <code>w</code>. This will save changes and exit the fdisk prompt.
+# If there are no issues, enter <code>w</code> - this will save changes and exit the fdisk prompt.
-# Type <code>sudo mkfs.vfat /dev/sdX1 -s 64</code> to reformat the new partition.
+# Type <code>sudo mkfs.vfat /dev/<device name> -s 64</code> to reformat the new partition.
-#* If the SD card is over 32GB in size, change </code>64</code> to <code>128</code>.
+#* If the SD card is over 32GB in size, change </code>64</code> to <code>128</code>
-# Type <code>sudo eject (device name)</code>, then remove and reinsert the SD card.
+# Type <code>sudo eject /dev/<device name></code>, then remove and reinsert the SD card.
 # Copy your data back onto the SD card.