Formatear una tarjeta SD/Linux

Esta es una sección complementaria para formatear una tarjeta SD a FAT32.

Esta página es solo para usuarios de Linux. Si no estás en Linux, ve a las páginas de Windows o Mac.

Instrucciones

Antes de empezar, copia todo el contenido de tu tarjeta SD a una carpeta en tu computadora.

Los comandos de esta guía distinguen entre mayúsculas y minúsculas. Escríbelos exactamente como se muestran, o podrían haber consecuencias no deseadas.

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1. Asegúrate de que tu tarjeta SD no esta insertada
2. Abre una ventana de la terminal y escribe watch lsblk
3. Inserta la tarjeta SD y revisa si hay un nuevo dispositivo apareciendo en lsblk
4. Observa la información del nuevo dispositivo. Debería coincidir con algo así:

   NAME        MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
   mmcblk0     179:0    0 29.7G  0 disk 
   └─mmcblk0p1 179:1    0 29.5G  0 part /run/media/user/FFFF-FFFF
   

5. Toma nota del nombre del dispositivo que aparece ahora. En nuestro ejemplo anterior, era mmcblk0, pero podría aparecer como sda o sdb, si usas un adaptador USB
   • Si RO esta establecido en 1, asegúrate de que la pestaña de bloqueo no este deslizada hacia abajo
6. Presiona CTRL + C para salir del menú
7. Escribe sudo umount /dev/<nombre del dispositivo>* (no cambies el *)
8. Instala los paquetes de fdisk y dosfstools usando tu gestor de paquetes preferido
9. Escribe sudo fdisk /dev/<nombre del dispositivo>
10. Escribe o, esto creará un nuevo esquema de partición MBR
11. Escribe n, después presiona enter hasta que hayas sido devuelto al inicio
    • Los valores por defecto servirán para todas las consolas
12. Escribe t, después escribe 0c
13. Escribe a y después p - observa la información mostrada, y asegúrate de que el dispositivo ahora este formateado correctamente:

    Disk /dev/mmcblk0: 29.72 GiB, 31914983424 bytes, 62333952 sectors
    Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    Disklabel type: dos
    Disk identifier: 0x########
    
    Device                Boot  Start      End  Sectors  Size Id Type
    /dev/<partition name>        8192 62333951 62325760 29.7G  c W95 FAT32 (LBA)
    

14. Si no hay problemas, escribe w - esto guardará los cambios y saldrá de fdisk
15. Escribe sudo mkfs.vfat /dev/<nombre de la partición> -s 64 para reformatear la nueva partición
    • Si la tarjeta SD tiene más de 32GB de capacidad, cambia 64 a 128
16. Type sudo eject /dev/<device name>, then remove and reinsert the SD card
17. If the SD card had any files and folders on it before the format, copy everything back from your computer, unless you were linked to this by another guide that needs the SD to be formatted and blank

1. Make sure your SD card is not inserted
2. Open a terminal window and type watch lsblk
3. Insert the SD card and watch for a new device appearing in lsblk
4. Observe the output for the new device. It should match something like this:

   NAME        MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
   mmcblk0     179:0    0 29.7G  0 disk 
   └─mmcblk0p1 179:1    0 29.5G  0 part /run/media/user/FFFF-FFFF
   

5. Take note of the name of the device that now appears. In our example above, it was mmcblk0, but it could show up as sda or sdb, if you use a USB adapter<
   • If RO is set to 1, make sure the lock switch is not slid down
6. Hit CTRL + C to exit the menu
7. Install the parted and dosfstools packages using your package manager of choice
8. Type sudo parted /dev/<device name> mklabel msdos
9. Type sudo parted -a opt /dev/<device name> mkpart primary fat32 0% 100%
10. Type sudo mkfs.vfat /dev/<partition name> -s 64 to reformat the new partition
    • If the SD card is over 32GB in size, change 64 to 128
11. Type sudo eject /dev/<device name>, then remove and reinsert the SD card
12. If the SD card had any files and folders on it before the format, copy everything back from your computer, unless you were linked to this by another guide that needs the SD to be formatted and blank

"en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">KDE Partition Manager=

1. Make sure your SD card is not inserted
2. Open KDE Partition Manager, inputting your password as needed
3. Insert your SD card and click Refresh Devices. The new device that shows up in the left pane is your SD card
4. Click your SD card, then click the New Partition Table button at the top of the window
5. When asked, choose Ms-Dos. Do NOT use GPT
   
6. Right click the unallocated space in the right pane and select New
7. When selecting your filesystem, choose FAT32 from the drop-down menu. The window should look like this:
   
8. Click OK, then click Apply, then Apply Pending Operations
9. Eject and reinsert your SD card
10. If the SD card had any files and folders on it before the format, copy everything back from your computer, unless you were linked to this by another guide that needs the SD to be formatted and blank

"en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Disks (GNOME)=

1. Make sure your SD card is not inserted
2. Open Disks
3. Insert your SD card
4. In the application sidebar, select your SD card
5. Select the "Drive Options" hamburger menu (closest to the Power and Eject icons)
6. Select "Format Disk..."
7. In the window that appears, set the "Partitioning" drop-down menu to "Compatible with all systems and devices (MBR / DOS)"
8. Select "Format..."
9. Carefully read the warning given, then select "Format"
10. At the bottom of the "Volumes" bar, select "Create partition in unallocated space" (the button with a plus sign)
11. Drag the slider all the way to the maximum capacity
12. Make sure "Extended Partition" is not checked, then select "Next"
13. Under "Type", select "For use with all systems and devices (FAT)", then click "Create"